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The Gonja
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The Mande discovered Gonja, led by Ndewura Jakpa. He defeated the
Dagomba ruler in 1620, enforcing them to move east to Yendi. Scholars
discovered a document recorded in Arabic, reporting the history
of the capital of Gonja known as Salaga, and the ruler of Gonja.
Who ruled at the end of the sixteenth and the beginning of the seventeenth
century. Jakpa is remembered by his people as a great leader.
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Government of the
Mole-Dagbane States
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The Mole-Dagbane was made up of many establishments. However the
political organisations of the Mamprusi, Dagomba and Gonja differentiated
from the Mossi territories. The rulers were from the eastern warriors
led by Tohajie or the Mande. They enforced political power on the
native people they discovered
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Islam
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Northern Ghana was receptive to Islam, becoming a state of religion.
The Islam teachings and practices interfaced the economic, social
and political establishments.
The followers of Islam are known as Muslims who recognise five duties
of the Islamic law. The early Muslims spread their religion with
those they traded. As a result the Muslim merchants gained economic
power through gaining respect from rulers. It is believed that Islam
was introduced to the Upper and Northern Regions of Ghana no later
than the fifteenth century.
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The Ga and Adangbe
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The Ga and Adangbe are related, originally deriving from one tribe.
This is evident as they both speak similar dialects however the
Adangbe being the oldest localism. The significant traditions are
the personification of priests, the custom of circumcision and the
order of child naming. The Ga-Adangbe originated from the East ,
believed to be from Nigeria. The Ga kingdom may have been established
before the arrival of the Portuguese. The Ga were attracted to the
European merchants and started to immigrate to the coast in the
seventeenth century. The longest and one of the greatest Ga rulers
was Okai Koi who reined from 1610 to 1660. He committed suicide
after his defeat at the Battle of Nyantrabi. His son, Ashangmo continued
the war against the Akwamu until 1680 where he was defeated. From
1680 to 1730 Galand was under the rule of the Akwamu. As the Akwamu
rule began to decline many of the Ga people returned to their home
lands.
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The Ewe
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The Ewe was made up of small kingdoms. The Ewe is believed to have
descendent from east of the River Niger, travelling westwards. The
Ewe separated into various directions constituting independent kingdoms
in Togo and Ghana. They immigrated progressively, to Palime (Togo),
Hohoe, Kpando and Peki. The Peki settlers were referred to as the
main Ewe, related to the Anglo, immigrated to the cost. The Anglo
established their kingdom by the eighteenth century and were wealthy
from trading with their inland tribe, the Danes and other European
merchants. In 1750 Anglo were at war due to hostility with the people
of Adaa. Anglo were defeated by Adaa, however were able to revenge
their defeat. During 1783 the Anglo were in conflict with the Danes,
resulting in defeat. The Anglo signed a treaty with the Danes in
1784, complying to open all trade routes for the northern regions
trading with the white persons. The Danish sold their possessions
to the British in 1850. Angloland then became part of Ghana. The
North of Ewe, the Volta Region was attached to Germany. In 1921
the Volta Region went to the British under the League of Nations.
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